Indian seafarers play a vital role in global maritime trade, navigating merchant ships across oceans. Their rights are protected by both national laws such as the Indian Merchant Shipping Act and international conventions like the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006, which safeguard their working conditions, wages, health, and social security. These frameworks ensure seafarers receive fair treatment and can work in safe and dignified environments.
Every seafarer must have a clear written employment contract specifying terms of service, wages, duration, and conditions. This contract is governed by the Indian Merchant Shipping Act and international standards.
Seafarers are entitled to agreed wages paid on time without unlawful deductions, ensuring financial stability during service.
Ships must provide adequate medical facilities onboard and ensure seafarers have access to medical treatment ashore if needed.
In cases of illness, contract termination, or ship detention, seafarers have the right to timely and free repatriation to their home country.
Vessels must maintain safety standards and provide protective equipment to minimize accidents and occupational hazards.
Regulations limit working hours to prevent fatigue, ensuring seafarers get adequate rest periods as mandated by the MLC.
Seafarers have rights to social security benefits, including insurance, pensions, and welfare schemes provided by government and maritime organizations.
Seafarers can report workplace grievances, harassment, or violations to authorities such as the Directorate General of Shipping or seafarers’ unions.
Conflicts over contract terms, unpaid wages, or early termination.
Delays or denial of repatriation leading to prolonged stay on ships.
Overcrowding, inadequate food, or sanitation onboard.
Limited knowledge about rights and legal protections.
Exposure to hazardous environments and limited medical access.
Provides the legal foundation for seafarer employment, safety, and welfare in India.
An international treaty setting minimum working and living standards for seafarers worldwide. India is a signatory.
The DGS enforces maritime regulations and addresses complaints from seafarers.
Seafarers can file grievances through DGS, maritime unions, or courts for violations of rights.
Various NGOs and unions offer legal assistance and counseling to seafarers facing disputes or exploitation.
Always read and understand your employment contract before signing.
Keep copies of all documents, wages slips, and correspondence.
Report unsafe conditions or abuse immediately to ship authorities or unions.
Participate in training programs on safety and rights awareness.
Maintain communication with family and authorities during voyages.
Suppose an Indian seafarer is serving aboard a cargo vessel and notices that wages have not been paid for two months, and the ship is docked at a foreign port with no plan for repatriation.
Raise the issue formally with the ship’s captain and crew manager.
Contact the Indian Consulate or Embassy at the foreign port for assistance.
File a complaint with the Directorate General of Shipping through their helpline or online portal.
Seek help from maritime labor unions or seafarer welfare organizations.
Keep all evidence such as contract, wage slips, and communication records.
If necessary, consult a maritime lawyer for legal action.
Advocate for repatriation under MLC provisions until safely returned home.
Answer By Law4u Team
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