Answer By law4u team
Extradition is the legal process by which one country sends an accused or convicted person to another country for criminal prosecution or punishment. In India, extradition is governed mainly by the Extradition Act, 1962. Meaning of extradition: If a person commits a crime in one country and escapes to another country, the requesting country may seek return of that person through extradition. Main features: Usually based on extradition treaties or diplomatic arrangements between countries. Applies to serious criminal offences. The offence generally must be punishable in both countries (dual criminality principle). Procedure in India: Foreign country makes extradition request to Government of India. Indian authorities examine the request. Magistrate may conduct inquiry regarding extradition. Central Government takes final decision on surrender of the person. India may also request extradition of fugitives hiding abroad. Grounds where extradition may be refused: Political offences Risk of unfair trial Lack of sufficient evidence Human rights concerns If offence is not recognized in both countries Important authorities involved: Ministry of External Affairs Ministry of Home Affairs Courts and Magistrates International police agencies such as INTERPOL Examples of offences leading to extradition requests: Terrorism Murder Financial fraud Drug trafficking Cyber crime Economic offences Extradition helps countries cooperate in preventing international crime and bringing fugitives to justice.
