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विशाखा दिशानिर्देशों का क्या महत्व था?

Answer By law4u team

विशाखा दिशानिर्देश महत्वपूर्ण थे क्योंकि ये कार्यस्थल पर महिलाओं के यौन उत्पीड़न से निपटने के लिए भारत में पहला औपचारिक ढाँचा थे। उनके महत्व के मुख्य बिंदु: इन्हें 1997 में सामाजिक कार्यकर्ता भंवरी देवी के सामूहिक बलात्कार के बाद विशाखा एवं अन्य बनाम राजस्थान राज्य मामले में भारत के सर्वोच्च न्यायालय द्वारा निर्धारित किया गया था। एक कानूनी कमी को पूरा किया - उस समय, भारत में कार्यस्थल पर यौन उत्पीड़न पर कोई विशिष्ट कानून नहीं था। "यौन उत्पीड़न" को स्पष्ट रूप से परिभाषित किया और इसे संविधान के अनुच्छेद 14, 15 और 21 के तहत महिलाओं के मौलिक अधिकारों का उल्लंघन माना। नियोक्ताओं के लिए यौन उत्पीड़न को रोकना और उसका समाधान करना अनिवार्य बनाया, जिसमें एक महिला अध्यक्ष और एक गैर-सरकारी संगठन सदस्य वाली शिकायत समितियाँ बनाना भी शामिल था। संसद द्वारा कार्यस्थल पर महिलाओं का यौन उत्पीड़न (रोकथाम, निषेध और निवारण) अधिनियम, 2013 पारित किए जाने तक ये कानूनी रूप से प्रभावी थे, जो मुख्यतः इन दिशानिर्देशों पर आधारित था। संक्षेप में, विशाखा दिशानिर्देश एक ऐतिहासिक कदम था जिसने कार्यस्थल पर यौन उत्पीड़न को मानवाधिकार उल्लंघन के रूप में मान्यता दी तथा कानून के अभाव में बाध्यकारी नियम बनाए।

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